Axe accessibility

Author: s | 2025-04-24

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Axe is an open-source accessibility rule set for automated accessibility validation. Axe Accessibility Rules. Axe HTML; Axe PDF; Axe browser extensions. The axe features are Axe is an open-source accessibility rule set for automated accessibility validation. Axe Accessibility Rules. Axe HTML; Axe PDF; Axe browser extensions. The axe features are

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axe: Accessibility Testing Tools and

Document Object Model (DOM) walker has been completely refactored into a tree, allowing AT users to easily navigate the DOM. In addition, we have exposed the accessible text for images captured by the relevant Intelligent Guided Test in order to provide more context when the user is prompted to answer a question.Axe-core 4.2This version includes an update of the rules engine to axe-core 4.2. This upgrade includes security and bug fixes as well as some new rules. For more details, check out the axe-core 4.2 blog post.ConclusionKeep the suggestions coming! Share the love, tell people about axe DevTools Pro…Axe DevTools Pro is a powerful accessibility testing tool that helps development teams prevent 80% or more of accessibility issues from being created in the first place by using a combination of automated and Intelligent Guided Testing.Build more accessible experiences and try axe DevTools Pro free – no payment required. About Preety Kumar Preety is the CEO of Deque Systems and co-founded Deque in 1999 with the vision of unifying Web access, both from the user and the technology perspective. Under Preety's leadership, Deque has grown to be a market leader in the field of information accessibility, serving corporate and government clients with the highest standards in information technology such as Veteran Affairs, Department of Education, Humana, Intuit, HSBC, Target, and others. She collaborated with the W3C Web Accessibility Initiative and is a nominated member of the Accessibility Forum's Strategic Management Council: a GSA sponsored group with representatives from the IT industry, academia, Government Agencies, and disabled user groups that fosters information accessibility through mutual cooperation.

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axe, the Standard in Accessibility Testing

Deque Systems to expand open source accessibility tools in collaboration with Microsoft Deque’s axe accessibility engine is bolstered by Microsoft collaboration, addition of new Windows rules, and the release of Deque’s open source Android and iOS rules.ANAHEIM – March 12, 2019 – Deque Systems, a leading accessibility software company specializing in digital equality, announced at CSUN 2019 that it is working with Microsoft to add Windows platform support to the axe accessibility rules engine.Axe has the world’s most widely deployed Web accessibility rules engine, currently deployed to 25 million devices. Microsoft’s new and significant Windows contributions to axe, extend this widely adopted de facto Web accessibility ruleset standard.Now developers across Web, Windows, Android and iOS platforms can all test their code in development using a common, unified approach, allowing them to prevent critical issues from impacting people with disabilities around the world. “We’ve been working for 20 years building up to this moment,” comments Preety Kumar, CEO of Deque Systems. “Deque’s core mission has been to make accessibility a daily responsibility of every development and design team in the world. This collaboration is a huge step toward making that a reality.”Keith Ballinger, General Manager, Developer Services, Microsoft said, “Microsoft and Deque share a common vision of a more inclusive digital future. We are excited to expand our collaboration with Deque as it is an essential part of our journey to design, build, and launch more accessible products.” In addition to the axe contributions, Microsoft is announcing the open sourcing of

Testing Accessibility with Axe Coconut

Error: No matching rule for axe/html/4.8/a Learn Web Accessibility Subscribe to our extensive curriculum of online self-paced courses Sign up for the axe newsletter Stay up to date on axe features, updates, and events. Newsletter Sign-up These are automated accessibility checks. Manual checks are also required. Learn how through our accessibility curriculum. See the list of axe html versions Table of Contents WCAG 2.0 Level A & AA Rules WCAG 2.1 Level A & AA Rules WCAG 2.2 Level A & AA Rules Best Practices Rules WCAG 2.x level AAA rules Experimental Rules Deprecated Rules WCAG 2.0 Level A & AA Rules Rule ID Description Impact Tags Issue Type ACT Rules area-alt Ensures elements of image maps have alternate text Critical cat.text-alternatives, wcag2a, wcag244, wcag412, section508, section508.22.a, TTv5, TT6.a, EN-301-549, EN-9.2.4.4, EN-9.4.1.2, ACT failure, needs review c487ae aria-allowed-attr Ensures an element's role supports its ARIA attributes Critical cat.aria, wcag2a, wcag412, EN-301-549, EN-9.4.1.2 failure, needs review 5c01ea aria-braille-equivalent Ensure aria-braillelabel and aria-brailleroledescription have a non-braille equivalent Serious cat.aria, wcag2a, wcag412, EN-301-549, EN-9.4.1.2 needs review aria-command-name Ensures every ARIA button, link and menuitem has an accessible name Serious cat.aria, wcag2a, wcag412, TTv5, TT6.a, EN-301-549, EN-9.4.1.2, ACT failure, needs review 97a4e1 aria-conditional-attr Ensures ARIA attributes are used as described in the specification of the element's role Serious cat.aria, wcag2a, wcag412, EN-301-549, EN-9.4.1.2 failure 5c01ea aria-deprecated-role Ensures elements do not use deprecated roles Minor cat.aria, wcag2a, wcag412, EN-301-549, EN-9.4.1.2 failure 674b10 aria-hidden-body Ensures aria-hidden="true" is not present on the document body. Critical cat.aria, wcag2a, wcag412, EN-301-549, EN-9.4.1.2 failure aria-hidden-focus Ensures aria-hidden elements are not focusable nor contain focusable elements Serious cat.name-role-value, wcag2a, wcag412, TTv5, TT6.a, EN-301-549, EN-9.4.1.2 failure, needs review 6cfa84 aria-input-field-name Ensures every ARIA input field has an accessible name Serious cat.aria, wcag2a, wcag412, TTv5, TT5.c, EN-301-549, EN-9.4.1.2, ACT failure, needs review e086e5 aria-meter-name Ensures every ARIA meter node has an accessible name Serious cat.aria, wcag2a, wcag111, EN-301-549, EN-9.1.1.1 failure, needs review aria-progressbar-name Ensures every ARIA progressbar node has an accessible name Serious cat.aria, wcag2a, wcag111, EN-301-549, EN-9.1.1.1 failure, needs review aria-prohibited-attr Ensures ARIA attributes are not prohibited for an element's role Serious. Axe is an open-source accessibility rule set for automated accessibility validation. Axe Accessibility Rules. Axe HTML; Axe PDF; Axe browser extensions. The axe features are

axe - The Standard in Accessibility Testing

ARM), OS and browser combinations.Mobile Testing Designed for the modern mobile test pyramid, only Sauce Labs unifies mobile app testing with crash and error reporting across the broadest range of real devices, Android emulators and iOS simulators.Observability and Quality Management Achieve DevOps levels of efficiency, velocity and risk management by consolidating testing on a Platform for Test. With Sauce Labs, optimize TestOps and DevEx with a shared source of real-time and historic truth.Enterprise-ReadySauce LabsMassive Parallel Testing and ConcurrencyLeader in the IDC MarketScape for Worldwide Mobile Testing and Digital QualityCustomer Success and Optional Premium ServicesWidest Breadth of Device and OS CombinationsBrowserStack(Limited) Massive Parallel Testing and ConcurrencyLeader in the IDC MarketScape for Worldwide Mobile Testing and Digital QualityCustomer Success and Optional Premium ServicesWidest Breadth of Device and OS Combinations Security, Compliance, and Accessibility Sauce Labs Soc 2 Type IIISO 27001 and ISO 27701 KY3P ComplianceProxy Tunneling with Performance ObservabilityApproved Partnership with Deque (accessibility testing) with Deque axe™ IntegrationBrowserStackSoc 2 Type IIProxy Tunneling with Performance ObservabilityApproved Partnership with Deque (accessibility testing) with Deque axe™ IntegrationWeb Testing Sauce LabsLive and Automated TestingApp Distribution and Beta TestingApple Real Devices and Simulators (x86 and ARM (Apple Silicon))Approved Deque axe™ Integration (for Accessibility Testing)Visual Testing (Web)Error Reporting with Fast Root-Cause AnalysisBrowserStack Live and Automated TestingApp Distribution and Beta Testing Apple Real Devices and Simulators (x86 and ARM (Apple Silicon))Approved Deque axe™ Integration (for Accessibility Testing)Visual Testing (Web)Error Reporting with Fast Root-Cause AnalysisMobile Testing - Sauce LabsSauce LabsPrivate Real DevicesLive and Automated Mobile Testing with Emulators/Simulators(Mobile) Visual Testing(Mobile)

Configuring Axe Accessibility Tests by

Is not locked to any specific display orientation, and the content is operable in all display orientations Serious cat.structure, wcag134, wcag21aa, EN-301-549, EN-9.1.3.4, experimental failure, needs review b33eff focus-order-semantics Ensures elements in the focus order have a role appropriate for interactive content Minor cat.keyboard, best-practice, experimental failure hidden-content Informs users about hidden content. Minor cat.structure, best-practice, experimental, review-item failure, needs review label-content-name-mismatch Ensures that elements labelled through their content must have their visible text as part of their accessible name Serious cat.semantics, wcag21a, wcag253, EN-301-549, EN-9.2.5.3, experimental failure 2ee8b8 p-as-heading Ensure bold, italic text and font-size is not used to style elements as a heading Serious cat.semantics, wcag2a, wcag131, EN-301-549, EN-9.1.3.1, experimental failure, needs review table-fake-caption Ensure that tables with a caption use the element. Serious cat.tables, experimental, wcag2a, wcag131, section508, section508.22.g, EN-301-549, EN-9.1.3.1 failure td-has-header Ensure that each non-empty data cell in a larger than 3 by 3 has one or more table headers Critical cat.tables, experimental, wcag2a, wcag131, section508, section508.22.g, TTv5, TT14.b, EN-301-549, EN-9.1.3.1 failure Deprecated Rules Deprecated rules are disabled by default and will be removed in the next major release. Rule ID Description Impact Tags Issue Type ACT Rules aria-roledescription Ensure aria-roledescription is only used on elements with an implicit or explicit role Serious cat.aria, wcag2a, wcag412, EN-301-549, EN-9.4.1.2, deprecated failure, needs review audio-caption Ensures elements have captions Critical cat.time-and-media, wcag2a, wcag121, EN-301-549, EN-9.1.2.1, section508, section508.22.a, deprecated needs review 2eb176, afb423 duplicate-id-active Ensures every id attribute value of active elements is unique Serious cat.parsing, wcag2a-obsolete, wcag411, deprecated failure 3ea0c8 duplicate-id Ensures every id attribute value is unique Minor cat.parsing, wcag2a-obsolete, wcag411, deprecated failure 3ea0c8 Axe browser extensionsThe axe features are integrated into the developer tools. axe Chrome browser extension axe Firefox browser extension axe Edge browser extensionContribute to axe on You can find the axe-core source code on GitHub.See also the axe-core changelog on GitHub.Deque's Enterprise Suite of Accessibility Tools axe DevTools: Empower development teams to find, prevent, and fix accessibility issues while they code. axe Auditor: Bring efficient, full-coverage auditing capabilities to your testing teams with this step-by-step manual accessibility testing tool. axe Monitor: Dynamically

Firefox is Accessible – Web Axe

Error: No matching rule for axe/html/4.9/aria-prohibited-attrr Need accessibility training? Deque University offers an extensive curriculum of self-guided online courses for every skillset and experience level. Sign up for the axe newsletter Stay up to date on axe features, updates, and events. Newsletter Sign-up These are automated accessibility checks. Manual checks are also required. Learn how through our accessibility curriculum. See the list of axe html versions Table of Contents WCAG 2.0 Level A & AA Rules WCAG 2.1 Level A & AA Rules WCAG 2.2 Level A & AA Rules Best Practices Rules WCAG 2.x level AAA rules Experimental Rules Deprecated Rules WCAG 2.0 Level A & AA Rules Rule ID Description Impact Tags Issue Type ACT Rules area-alt Ensures elements of image maps have alternate text Critical cat.text-alternatives, wcag2a, wcag244, wcag412, section508, section508.22.a, TTv5, TT6.a, EN-301-549, EN-9.2.4.4, EN-9.4.1.2, ACT failure, needs review c487ae aria-allowed-attr Ensures an element's role supports its ARIA attributes Critical cat.aria, wcag2a, wcag412, EN-301-549, EN-9.4.1.2 failure, needs review 5c01ea aria-braille-equivalent Ensure aria-braillelabel and aria-brailleroledescription have a non-braille equivalent Serious cat.aria, wcag2a, wcag412, EN-301-549, EN-9.4.1.2 needs review aria-command-name Ensures every ARIA button, link and menuitem has an accessible name Serious cat.aria, wcag2a, wcag412, TTv5, TT6.a, EN-301-549, EN-9.4.1.2, ACT failure, needs review 97a4e1 aria-conditional-attr Ensures ARIA attributes are used as described in the specification of the element's role Serious cat.aria, wcag2a, wcag412, EN-301-549, EN-9.4.1.2 failure 5c01ea aria-deprecated-role Ensures elements do not use deprecated roles Minor cat.aria, wcag2a, wcag412, EN-301-549, EN-9.4.1.2 failure 674b10 aria-hidden-body Ensures aria-hidden="true" is not present on the document body. Critical cat.aria, wcag2a, wcag131, wcag412, EN-301-549, EN-9.1.3.1, EN-9.4.1.2 failure aria-hidden-focus Ensures aria-hidden elements are not focusable nor contain focusable elements Serious cat.name-role-value, wcag2a, wcag412, TTv5, TT6.a, EN-301-549, EN-9.4.1.2 failure, needs review 6cfa84 aria-input-field-name Ensures every ARIA input field has an accessible name Serious cat.aria, wcag2a, wcag412,. Axe is an open-source accessibility rule set for automated accessibility validation. Axe Accessibility Rules. Axe HTML; Axe PDF; Axe browser extensions. The axe features are

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User7992

Document Object Model (DOM) walker has been completely refactored into a tree, allowing AT users to easily navigate the DOM. In addition, we have exposed the accessible text for images captured by the relevant Intelligent Guided Test in order to provide more context when the user is prompted to answer a question.Axe-core 4.2This version includes an update of the rules engine to axe-core 4.2. This upgrade includes security and bug fixes as well as some new rules. For more details, check out the axe-core 4.2 blog post.ConclusionKeep the suggestions coming! Share the love, tell people about axe DevTools Pro…Axe DevTools Pro is a powerful accessibility testing tool that helps development teams prevent 80% or more of accessibility issues from being created in the first place by using a combination of automated and Intelligent Guided Testing.Build more accessible experiences and try axe DevTools Pro free – no payment required. About Preety Kumar Preety is the CEO of Deque Systems and co-founded Deque in 1999 with the vision of unifying Web access, both from the user and the technology perspective. Under Preety's leadership, Deque has grown to be a market leader in the field of information accessibility, serving corporate and government clients with the highest standards in information technology such as Veteran Affairs, Department of Education, Humana, Intuit, HSBC, Target, and others. She collaborated with the W3C Web Accessibility Initiative and is a nominated member of the Accessibility Forum's Strategic Management Council: a GSA sponsored group with representatives from the IT industry, academia, Government Agencies, and disabled user groups that fosters information accessibility through mutual cooperation.

2025-03-31
User4723

Deque Systems to expand open source accessibility tools in collaboration with Microsoft Deque’s axe accessibility engine is bolstered by Microsoft collaboration, addition of new Windows rules, and the release of Deque’s open source Android and iOS rules.ANAHEIM – March 12, 2019 – Deque Systems, a leading accessibility software company specializing in digital equality, announced at CSUN 2019 that it is working with Microsoft to add Windows platform support to the axe accessibility rules engine.Axe has the world’s most widely deployed Web accessibility rules engine, currently deployed to 25 million devices. Microsoft’s new and significant Windows contributions to axe, extend this widely adopted de facto Web accessibility ruleset standard.Now developers across Web, Windows, Android and iOS platforms can all test their code in development using a common, unified approach, allowing them to prevent critical issues from impacting people with disabilities around the world. “We’ve been working for 20 years building up to this moment,” comments Preety Kumar, CEO of Deque Systems. “Deque’s core mission has been to make accessibility a daily responsibility of every development and design team in the world. This collaboration is a huge step toward making that a reality.”Keith Ballinger, General Manager, Developer Services, Microsoft said, “Microsoft and Deque share a common vision of a more inclusive digital future. We are excited to expand our collaboration with Deque as it is an essential part of our journey to design, build, and launch more accessible products.” In addition to the axe contributions, Microsoft is announcing the open sourcing of

2025-03-29
User4774

ARM), OS and browser combinations.Mobile Testing Designed for the modern mobile test pyramid, only Sauce Labs unifies mobile app testing with crash and error reporting across the broadest range of real devices, Android emulators and iOS simulators.Observability and Quality Management Achieve DevOps levels of efficiency, velocity and risk management by consolidating testing on a Platform for Test. With Sauce Labs, optimize TestOps and DevEx with a shared source of real-time and historic truth.Enterprise-ReadySauce LabsMassive Parallel Testing and ConcurrencyLeader in the IDC MarketScape for Worldwide Mobile Testing and Digital QualityCustomer Success and Optional Premium ServicesWidest Breadth of Device and OS CombinationsBrowserStack(Limited) Massive Parallel Testing and ConcurrencyLeader in the IDC MarketScape for Worldwide Mobile Testing and Digital QualityCustomer Success and Optional Premium ServicesWidest Breadth of Device and OS Combinations Security, Compliance, and Accessibility Sauce Labs Soc 2 Type IIISO 27001 and ISO 27701 KY3P ComplianceProxy Tunneling with Performance ObservabilityApproved Partnership with Deque (accessibility testing) with Deque axe™ IntegrationBrowserStackSoc 2 Type IIProxy Tunneling with Performance ObservabilityApproved Partnership with Deque (accessibility testing) with Deque axe™ IntegrationWeb Testing Sauce LabsLive and Automated TestingApp Distribution and Beta TestingApple Real Devices and Simulators (x86 and ARM (Apple Silicon))Approved Deque axe™ Integration (for Accessibility Testing)Visual Testing (Web)Error Reporting with Fast Root-Cause AnalysisBrowserStack Live and Automated TestingApp Distribution and Beta Testing Apple Real Devices and Simulators (x86 and ARM (Apple Silicon))Approved Deque axe™ Integration (for Accessibility Testing)Visual Testing (Web)Error Reporting with Fast Root-Cause AnalysisMobile Testing - Sauce LabsSauce LabsPrivate Real DevicesLive and Automated Mobile Testing with Emulators/Simulators(Mobile) Visual Testing(Mobile)

2025-04-21
User9796

Is not locked to any specific display orientation, and the content is operable in all display orientations Serious cat.structure, wcag134, wcag21aa, EN-301-549, EN-9.1.3.4, experimental failure, needs review b33eff focus-order-semantics Ensures elements in the focus order have a role appropriate for interactive content Minor cat.keyboard, best-practice, experimental failure hidden-content Informs users about hidden content. Minor cat.structure, best-practice, experimental, review-item failure, needs review label-content-name-mismatch Ensures that elements labelled through their content must have their visible text as part of their accessible name Serious cat.semantics, wcag21a, wcag253, EN-301-549, EN-9.2.5.3, experimental failure 2ee8b8 p-as-heading Ensure bold, italic text and font-size is not used to style elements as a heading Serious cat.semantics, wcag2a, wcag131, EN-301-549, EN-9.1.3.1, experimental failure, needs review table-fake-caption Ensure that tables with a caption use the element. Serious cat.tables, experimental, wcag2a, wcag131, section508, section508.22.g, EN-301-549, EN-9.1.3.1 failure td-has-header Ensure that each non-empty data cell in a larger than 3 by 3 has one or more table headers Critical cat.tables, experimental, wcag2a, wcag131, section508, section508.22.g, TTv5, TT14.b, EN-301-549, EN-9.1.3.1 failure Deprecated Rules Deprecated rules are disabled by default and will be removed in the next major release. Rule ID Description Impact Tags Issue Type ACT Rules aria-roledescription Ensure aria-roledescription is only used on elements with an implicit or explicit role Serious cat.aria, wcag2a, wcag412, EN-301-549, EN-9.4.1.2, deprecated failure, needs review audio-caption Ensures elements have captions Critical cat.time-and-media, wcag2a, wcag121, EN-301-549, EN-9.1.2.1, section508, section508.22.a, deprecated needs review 2eb176, afb423 duplicate-id-active Ensures every id attribute value of active elements is unique Serious cat.parsing, wcag2a-obsolete, wcag411, deprecated failure 3ea0c8 duplicate-id Ensures every id attribute value is unique Minor cat.parsing, wcag2a-obsolete, wcag411, deprecated failure 3ea0c8 Axe browser extensionsThe axe features are integrated into the developer tools. axe Chrome browser extension axe Firefox browser extension axe Edge browser extensionContribute to axe on You can find the axe-core source code on GitHub.See also the axe-core changelog on GitHub.Deque's Enterprise Suite of Accessibility Tools axe DevTools: Empower development teams to find, prevent, and fix accessibility issues while they code. axe Auditor: Bring efficient, full-coverage auditing capabilities to your testing teams with this step-by-step manual accessibility testing tool. axe Monitor: Dynamically

2025-04-02
User3084

Occur, and the code that’s associated with those errors. The extension also includes a quick reference guide to the WCAG guidelines and links to the success criteria that come up in the errors and warnings it finds.axe DevTools extensionThe next extension that I recommend is the axe DevTools extension. Axe-core is used in other tools such as Lighthouse, Jest, Selenium, and a variety of command-line accessibility checkers.Maintained by the team at Deque, axe-core and the axe DevTools extension are great tools to help catch some of the things that WAVE doesn’t. Just click the button and scan the page.A list of issues that it found will automatically come up, and then you’ll see a breakdown of its estimate of each error’s severity: critical, serious, moderate, and minor. I incorporate severity reports into audits I do so that clients can plan a course of attack to resolve issues and triage accessibility errors accordingly.You’ll get a list of all the issues and a description for each issue. And when you’re viewing the list of errors, you can toggle its list of best practices on or off.A pane on the right will give you options to highlight the errors and view the elements in question in Firefox’s Inspector tab. Clicking on More Info will open an in-depth entry on Deque University about the error and how to fix it. That pane also includes a code description and some recommendations to help you solve the issue.Other extensionsSome other browser extensions that I also recommended for accessibility testing:IBM Equal Access Accessibility Checker (Accessibility checker)Fontanello (Typography and color-contrast tool)HeadingsMap (Show, browse, and audit headings’ structure)Landmark Navigation via Keyboard or Pop-up (Navigate a page using WAI-ARIA landmarks)Lighthouse (Tool for improving the quality of web pages)VisBug (Open-source web-design debug tools built with JavaScript: ​it’s like if there were

2025-04-12

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