Dial up access

Dial-up Internet access is a form of Internet access that uses the facilities of the public switched telephone network (PSTN) to establish a connection to an Internet service provider (ISP) by dialing a telephone number on a conventional telephone line which could be connected using an RJ-11 connector.[1] Dial-up connections use modems to decode audio signals into data to send to a router or computer, and to encode signals from the latter two devices to send to another modem at the ISP.An array of modems used to accept incoming calls for dialing-up to the InternetTypical noises of dial-up modem (North America and United Kingdom) while a modem is establishing connection with a local ISP-server in order to get access to the public Internet.Dial-up Internet reached its peak popularity during the dot-com bubble with the likes of ISPs such as Sprint, EarthLink, MSN Dial-up, NetZero, Prodigy, and America Online (more commonly known as AOL). This was in large part because broadband Internet did not become widely used until well into the 2000s. Since then, most dial-up access has been replaced by broadband.A USRobotics V.92 Message Modem handshake noiseUSRobotics[2][3] V.90 56kilobits/second dial-up modem at a customer siteIn 1979, Tom Truscott and Jim Ellis, graduates of Duke University, created an early predecessor to dial-up Internet access called the Usenet. The Usenet was a UNIX based system that used a dial-up connection to transfer data through telephone modems.[4] Dial-up Internet access has existed since the 1980s via public providers such as NSFNET-linked universities in

To use their phone line for verbal communication until the Internet call was finished.The Internet speed using this technology can drop to 21.6 kbit/s or less. Poor condition of the telephone line, high noise level and other factors all affect dial-up speed. For this reason, it is popularly called the 21600 Syndrome.[17][18]Dial-up connections to the Internet require no additional infrastructure other than the telephone network and the modems and servers needed to make and answer the calls. Because telephone access is widely available, dial-up is often the only choice available for rural or remote areas, where broadband installations are not prevalent due to low population density and high infrastructure cost.[13] A 2008 Pew Research Center study stated that only 10% of US adults still used dial-up Internet access. The study found that the most common reason for retaining dial-up access was high broadband prices. Users cited lack of infrastructure as a reason less often than stating that they would never upgrade to broadband.[19] That number had fallen to 6% by 2010,[20] and to 3% by 2013.[21]A survey conducted in 2018 estimated that 0.3% of Americans were using dial-up by 2017.[22]The CRTC estimated that there were 336,000 Canadian dial-up users in 2010.[23]Replacement by broadbandBroadband Internet access via cable, digital subscriber line, wireless broadband, mobile broadband, satellite and FTTx has replaced dial-up access in many parts of the world. Broadband connections typically offer speeds of 700 kbit/s or higher for two-thirds more than the price of dial-up on average.[20] In addition, broadband

Procedure described in this article, you permit 128 connections. To change the number of simultaneous connections, follow these steps:Click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Routing and Remote Access.Double-click the server object, right-click Ports, and then click Properties.In the Ports Properties dialog box, click WAN Miniport (PPTP) > Configure.In the Maximum ports box, type the number of VPN connections that you want to permit.Click OK > OK, and then close Routing and Remote Access.How to manage addresses and name serversThe VPN server must have IP addresses available to assign them to the VPN server's virtual interface and to VPN clients during the IP Control Protocol (IPCP) negotiation phase of the connection process. The IP address assigned to the VPN client is assigned to the virtual interface of the VPN client.For Windows Server 2003-based VPN servers, the IP addresses assigned to VPN clients are obtained through DHCP by default. You can also configure a static IP address pool. The VPN server must also be configured with name resolution servers, typically DNS, and WINS server addresses, to assign to the VPN client during IPCP negotiation.How to manage accessConfigure the dial-in properties on user accounts and remote access policies to manage access for dial-up networking and VPN connections.NoteBy default, users are denied access to dial-up networking.Access by user accountTo grant dial-in access to a user account if you're managing remote access on a user basis, follow these steps:Click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Active Directory Users and Computers.Right-click the user account, and then click Properties.Click the Dial-in tab.Click Allow access to grant the user permission to dial in. Click OK.Access by group membershipIf you manage remote access on a group basis, follow these steps:Create a group with members who are permitted to create VPN connections.Click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Routing and Remote Access.In the console tree, expand Routing and Remote Access, expand the server name, and then click Remote Access Policies.Right-click anywhere in the right pane, point to New, and then click Remote Access Policy.Click Next, type the policy name, and then click Next.Click VPN for Virtual Private Access access method, or click Dial-up for dial-up access, and then click Next.Click Add, type the name of the group that you created in step 1, and then click Next.Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the wizard.If the VPN server already permits dial-up networking remote access

The United States. In the United Kingdom, JANET linked academic users, including a connection to the ARPANET via University College London, while Brunel University and the University of Kent offered dial-up UUCP to non-academic users in the late 1980s.[5][6][7]Commercial dial-up Internet access was first offered in 1989 in the US by the software development company Software Tool & Die, with their service called "The World". Sprint and AT&T in 1992 also began offering internet access, along with Pipex in the United Kingdom.[8][9] After the introduction of commercial broadband in the late 1990s,[10] dial-up became less popular. In the United States, the availability of dial-up Internet access dropped from 40% of Americans in the early 2000s to 3% in the early 2010s.[11] It is still used where other forms are not available or where the cost is too high, as in some rural or remote areas.[12][13][14][15]Banks of modems used by an ISP to provide dial-up Internet serviceBecause there was no technology to allow different carrier signals on a telephone line at the time, dial-up Internet access relied on using audio communication. A modem would take the digital data from a computer, modulate it into an audio signal and send it to a receiving modem. This receiving modem would demodulate the signal from modulating analogue noise and demodulating it back into digital data for the computer to process via a modem that would decode the data, and send it to the computer.[16]The simplicity of this arrangement meant that people would be unable