Smtp prober
Author: g | 2025-04-25
SMTP Prober Crack Full Product Key (Latest) SMTP Prober is an application that allow you to test your SMTP settings with a graphical interface. It allows you to quickly set, modify and view your SMTP settings on screen. There are two versions of the application, which are called SMTP Prober Plus and SMTP Prober Light.
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実施環境:Linux[testuser@testhost ~]$ uname -aLinux testhost 4.18.0-448.el8.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Jan 18 15:02:46 UTC 2023 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux[testuser@testhost ~]$ cat /etc/redhat-releaseCentOS Stream release 8prometheus:2.46.0.linux-amd64blackbox_exporter:0.24.0.linux-amd64Windows 11 Home 21H20. 概要Prometheus の exporter には、収集したい情報に合わせて様々なものが存在します。そのうちの1つである blackbox_exporter は外形監視、すなわち対象のサーバ外から HTTP や ICMP などで接続して反応を見る形式の監視を行うことができます。今回はこの blackbox_exporter を使って、 ICMP での死活監視を行ってみました。なお、手っ取り早く試すために、監視先にはサーバではなく Windows 端末を使用しています。1. ダウンロードまずは以下のサイトから blackbox_exporter をダウンロードします。バージョンは 0.24.0 です。Download2. 起動次に blackbox_exporter をサーバ上に転送し、解凍します。Linux[testuser@testhost ~]$ pwd/home/testuser[testuser@testhost ~]$ ls -l blackbox_exporter-*.tar.gz-rw-rw-r--. 1 testuser testuser 10956196 12月 18 22:57 blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz[testuser@testhost ~]$ tar xzf blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz[testuser@testhost ~]$ ls -ld blackbox_exporter-*drwxr-xr-x. 2 testuser testuser 80 5月 16 2023 blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64-rw-rw-r--. 1 testuser testuser 10956196 12月 18 22:57 blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz[testuser@testhost ~]$解凍した中身は以下の通りです。Linux[testuser@testhost ~]$ cd blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64/[testuser@testhost blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64]$ pwd/home/testuser/blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64[testuser@testhost blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64]$ ls -l合計 20700-rw-r--r--. 1 testuser testuser 11357 5月 16 2023 LICENSE-rw-r--r--. 1 testuser testuser 94 5月 16 2023 NOTICE-rw-r--r--. 1 testuser testuser 956 5月 16 2023 blackbox.yml-rwxr-xr-x. 1 testuser testuser 21174366 5月 16 2023 blackbox_exporter[testuser@testhost blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64]$以下のようなコマンドを入力することで blackbox_exporter が起動できます。このコマンドは Ctrl + C などでプロセスを KILL するまで実行され続けます。Linux[testuser@testhost blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64]$ ./blackbox_exporter --config.file=./blackbox.ymlts=2023-12-18T14:19:09.927Z caller=main.go:78 level=info msg="Starting blackbox_exporter" version="(version=0.24.0, branch=HEAD, revision=0b0467473916fd9e8526e2635c2a0b1c56011dff)"なお、再起動する Windows 端末から Prometheus のあるサーバをリモートで操作している場合などでは、 $ nohup ./blackbox_exporter --config.file=./blackbox.yml & のように nohup (起動元のセッション終了後もプロセスを動作させ続ける)と & (バックグラウンドでプロセスを実行する)を使用してプロセスを起動すれば、リモート接続が切れてもプロセスを続行できます。3. Prometheus 側の設定編集ここで、 blackbox_exporter の設定ファイル blackbox.yml の中身を見てみましょう。blackbox.ymlmodules: http_2xx: prober: http http: preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4" http_post_2xx: prober: http http: method: POST tcp_connect: prober: tcp pop3s_banner: prober: tcp tcp: query_response: - expect: "^+OK" tls: true tls_config: insecure_skip_verify: false grpc: prober: grpc grpc: tls: true preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4" grpc_plain: prober: grpc grpc: tls: false service: "service1" ssh_banner: prober: tcp tcp: query_response: - expect: "^SSH-2.0-" - send: "SSH-2.0-blackbox-ssh-check" irc_banner: prober: tcp tcp: query_response: - send: "NICK prober" - send: "USER prober prober prober :prober" - expect: "PING :([^ ]+)" send: "PONG ${1}" - expect: "^:[^ ]+ 001" icmp: prober: icmp icmp_ttl5: prober: icmp timeout: 5s icmp: ttl: 5見ての通り、監視のプロトコルやタイムアウトに関する記載ばかりで、監視先を指定する部分が見当たりません。実は blackbox_exporter の場合、どのサーバを監視するのかといった情報は prometheus 本体のファイル prometheus.yml に記載する必要があります。以下は prometheus.yml のサンプルです。監視対象が2つの場合を想定しています。prometheus.yml# my global configglobal: scrape_interval: 15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute. evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute. # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).# Alertmanager configurationalerting: alertmanagers: - static_configs: - targets: # - alertmanager:9093# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.rule_files: # - "first_rules.yml" # - "second_rules.yml"# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:# Here it's Prometheus itself.scrape_configs: # The job name is added as a label `job=` to any timeseries scraped from this config. - job_name: "prometheus" # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics' # scheme defaults to 'http'. static_configs: - targets: ["localhost:9100"] - job_name: "blackbox" metrics_path: /probe params: module: [icmp] static_configs: - targets: - 監視対象 1 の IP アドレス - 監視対象 2 の IP アドレス relabel_configs: - source_labels: [__address__] target_label: __param_target - source_labels: [__param_target] target_label: instance - target_label: __address__ replacement: blackbox_exporter の IP アドレス:9115上記の設定のうち、今回大事な部分を抜粋して説明します。共通的な設定部分については以下の過去記事を参照してください。Linux: システム監視ソフト「Prometheus」を無料インストールしてみたまず、設定は scrape_configs 配下にジョブを単位として記載します。ジョブ名は job_name で指定します。ジョブ名は取得した情報にラベルとして付与され、検索の際に使用できます。今回は blackbox という名前ですが、他の名前にしても問題なく動作します。prometheus.ymlscrape_configs:(省略) - job_name: "blackbox"metrics_path では HTTP のリソースのパスを指定します。URL でいうと の /probe の部分です。ここで指定するべき値は監視する情報によって異なります。デフォルトは /metrics
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One of the issues I encountered after dual booting Windows with Linux is the missing Windows entry from the grub menu.Here's the scenario. Windows was present on the computer. I installed CachyOS alongside Windows. I selected to install the Grub bootloader that allows booting into Linux, Windows (and any other OS present on the system) along with the option to access UEFI.Only this time, Grub did not show Windows in the menu 😔Missing Windows from Grub bootloaderThat was disappointing but not surprising because I am aware that this is a feature.Let me show you how you can fix this by enabling os-prober feature in Grub and then updating it.Step 1: Enable os-prober in grubGrub config file is located at /etc/default/grub. If you open it via Nano or some editor, you'll see at the end of this file that os-prober is disabled by default sighting security reasons.If you are familiar with any terminal-based text editor, use it to uncomment the line # GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=false by removing the # at the beginning of the line.However, if you are absolutely new to the command line, you can use this command in the terminal:echo "GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=false" | sudo tee -a /etc/default/grubIt will ask for your password. It should be the same account password you use to log in to the system.🚧When you type the password in Linux terminal, nothing is reflected on the screen. It feels as if your system is hanged, as there is no visible feedback. Don't worry. It's a security feature and most Linux terminals won't even show asterisks (*) as you enter the password. Just type it in and enter.With os-prober enabled, Grub will look for the presence of other operating systems in EFI folder and will add them in the bootloader menu.There is one little problem. The config changes won't take place unless you update grub.Step 2: Update grubOn Ubuntu and some other distributions, there is a dedicated command to update grub:sudo update-grubHowever, on Arch and some other distributions, you'll end up with update-grub command not found error.That's because update-grub is not a standard command. It is just la stub for this command:sudo grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfgRun the above command if your system doesn't have update-grub.It should show an output like this:And as you can see in the above output, grub is probing for other OS and has found Windows boot manager. This is an indication that when you reboot the system, grub should show Windows in the available option.And Windows is back in GrubStill no Windows boot manager?See, this method only works when dual boot succeeded properly and you have all EFI settings located in the same folder under the same ESP partition.If that's not the case, you could try accessingNet::Prober::smtp - metacpan.org
Navigation: Home \ Development \ Components & Libraries \ SMTP/POP3/IMAP Email Lib for Delphi We're sorry. This software is no longer available for viewing. Related SMTP/POP3/IMAP Email Lib for Delphi Vista Software SMTP/POP3/IMAP Email Lib for COBOL 8.4 download by MarshallSoft Computing MarshallSoft SMTP/POP3/IMAP COBOL email component library (SEE4CB) uses a simple API to send and receive mail, including HTML, MIME Base64 and quoted-printable encoded attachments, from within a COBOL application. Features of SEE4CB include: - Send email with inline HTML, GIF, TIF, JPG, BMP ... type: Shareware ($119.00) categories: SMTP component, POP3 component, SMTP, POP3, IMAP, email component, send email, SSL mail, email software, .NET email, SMTP library, ISO-8859, HTML email, authentication mail, UTF-8, mail SSL/TLS, MIME, mail component, mail COBOL, POP3 COBOL, SMTP COBOL View Details Download SMTP/POP3/IMAP Email Lib for Xbase 8.4.1 download by MarshallSoft Computing MarshallSoft SMTP/POP3/IMAP Xbase email component library (SEE4XB) uses a simple API to send and receive mail, including HTML, MIME Base64 and quoted-printable encoded attachments, from within a Xbase application. Features of SEE4XB include: - Send email with inline HTML, GIF, TIF, JPG, BMP ... type: Shareware ($119.00) categories: SMTP component, POP3 component, SMTP, POP3, IMAP, email component, send email, SSL mail, email software, .NET email, SMTP library, ISO-8859, HTML email, authentication mail, UTF-8, mail SSL/TLS, MIME, mail component, mail Xbase, POP3 Xbase, SMTP Xbase View Details Download ANSMTP SMTP Component 8.0.0.9 download by Adminsystem Software Limited ... is a high performance, easy- to-use and full-featured SMTP COM Object (email component) which enables your ASP, VB, VC++, C#, VB.NET, ASP.NET, VBS, Jscript, WScript, Delphi or other COM environment application to send rich ... type: Shareware ($99.95) categories: smtp, esmtp, component, smtp ocx, email, mail, pop, mime, send, activex, library, dll, imap4, adminsystem, emailarchitect, dns lookup, .net, tcp/ip, tcp, smtp, outlook, secure, outlook,. SMTP Prober Crack Full Product Key (Latest) SMTP Prober is an application that allow you to test your SMTP settings with a graphical interface. It allows you to quickly set, modify and view your SMTP settings on screen. There are two versions of the application, which are called SMTP Prober Plus and SMTP Prober Light. SMTP Prober v.1.01. SMTP Prober is a tiny utility for testing the setting for SMTP, allows you to test your SMTP settings. Different SMTP providers have different requirements for theirSMTP Prober – Portable Tool for Testing the Setting for SMTP
They will be considered duplicatedReturnsNameTypeDescriptionduplicatedPartsOccurrenceListDuplicated part occurrencesidentifyInstancesIdentify parts with more than one occurrence on the scenescene.identifyInstances(2)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionminOccurrenceCountInt2Min occurrence countmakeInstanceUniqueSingularize all instances on the sub-tree of an occurrencescene.makeInstanceUnique(0)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionoccurrencesOccurrenceList0Root occurrence for the processrakeSet the same parent to all descending parts (all parts will be singularized)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionoccurrenceOccurrence0Root occurrence for the processkeepInstancesBooleanfalseIf false, the part will be singularizedremoveSymmetryMatricesRemove symmetry matrices (apply matrices on geometries on nodes under an occurrence with a symmetry matrixscene.removeSymmetryMatrices(0)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionoccurrenceOccurrence0Root occurrence for the processremoveUselessInstancesRemove instances where they are not needed (prototype referenced once, ...)scene.removeUselessInstances(0)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionoccurrenceOccurrence0Root occurrence for the processresetPartTransformSet all part transformation matrices to identity in a sub-tree, transformation will be applied to the shapesscene.resetPartTransform(0)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionrootOccurrence0Root occurrence for the processresetTransformSet all transformation matrices to identity in a sub-tree.scene.resetTransform(root, True, True, False)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionrootOccurrenceRoot occurrence for the processrecursiveBooleantrueIf False, transformation will be applied only on the root and its componentskeepInstantiationBooleantrueIf False, all occurrences will be singularizedkeepPartTransformBooleanfalseIf False, transformation will be applied to the shapes (BRepShape points or TessellatedShape vertices)selectByMaximumSizeSelect all parts meeting the criteriascene.selectByMaximumSize(roots, 150, -1, False)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionrootsOccurrenceListRoots occurrences for the processmaxDiagLengthDistance150If the diagonal axis of the bounding box is less than maxDiagLength, part will be selected. -1 to ignoremaxSizeDistance-1If the longer axis of the box is less than maxLength, part will be selected. -1 to ignoreselectHiddenBooleanfalseIf true, hidden parts meeting the criteria will be selected as wellselectDuplicatedSelect duplicated partsscene.selectDuplicated(0.01, 0.1, 0.01, 0.1)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionacceptVolumeRatioReal0.01If the ratio of volumes of two part is lower than acceptVolumeRatio, they will be considered duplicatedacceptPolycountRatioReal0.1If the ratio of polygon counts of two part is lower than acceptPolycountRatio, they will be considered duplicatedacceptAABBAxisRatioReal0.01If the ratio of AABB axis of two part is lower than acceptAABBAxisRatio, they will be considered duplicatedacceptAABBCenterDistanceDistance0.1If the ratio of AABB centers of two part is lower than acceptAABBCenterRatio, they will be considered duplicatedselectInstancesSelect occurrences sharing the same prototype as the given onescene.selectInstances(occurrence)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionoccurrenceOccurrenceReference part occurrenceselectPartsFromNoShowSelect hidden partsscene.selectPartsFromNoShow()selectVisiblePartsSelect visible partsscene.selectVisibleParts()createRayProberCreates a ray proberReturnsNameTypeDescriptionidIdentcreateSphereProberCreates a sphere proberscene.createSphereProber()ReturnsNameTypeDescriptionidIdentrayCastParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionrayRayThe ray to castrootOccurrenceThe root occurrence to cast fromReturnsNameTypeDescriptionhitRayHitInformation of the first ray hitrayCastAllscene.rayCastAll(ray, root)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionrayRayThe ray to castrootOccurrenceThe root occurrence to cast fromReturnsNameTypeDescriptionhitsRayHitListInformation of the first ray hitupdateRayProberUpdates the designed ray proberscene.updateRayProber(proberID, ray)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionproberIDIdentThe ray prober IdrayRayUpdate the prober's ray valuesupdateSphereProberUpdates the designed sphere proberscene.updateSphereProber(proberID, sphereCenter, sphereRadius)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionproberIDIdentThe sphere prober IdsphereCenterVector3The new prober centersphereRadiusDoubleThe new prober radiusonRayProbeParametersNameTypeDescriptionproberIDIdentThe ray propber IDproberInfoProberInfoThe prober's infoonSphereProbeParametersNameTypeDescriptionproberIDIdentThe sphere propber IDproberInfoProberInfoThe prober's infogetMultipleOccurrenceUserDataBatch version of getOccurrenceUserDatascene.getMultipleOccurrenceUserData(userDataId, occurrences)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionuserDataIdOccurrenceUserDataUserData identifier provided by subscribeToOccurrenceUserDataoccurrencesOccurrenceListOccurrences that store the user dataReturnsNameTypeDescriptionuserDataListPtrListUser data stored for each given occurrencegetOccurrenceUserDataSet or replace a userdata stored on an occurrencescene.getOccurrenceUserData(userDataId, occurrence)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionuserDataIdOccurrenceUserDataUserData identifier provided by subscribeToOccurrenceUserDataoccurrenceOccurrenceOccurrence that store the user dataReturnsNameTypeDescriptionuserDataPtrUser data stored in the given occurrencehasMultipleOccurrenceUserDataBatch version of hasOccurrenceUserDatascene.hasMultipleOccurrenceUserData(userDataId, occurrences)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionuserDataIdOccurrenceUserDataUserData identifier provided by subscribeToOccurrenceUserDataoccurrencesOccurrenceListOccurrences that potentially store the user dataReturnsNameTypeDescriptionresultsBoolListReturns an array of bool that are true if a userdata is stored on the occurrence at the same index for the given userDataIdhasOccurrenceUserDataSet or replace a userdataSMTP Prober Portable Tool for Testing the Setting for SMTP
Capability, with two probes (force+ and sense+) landing on daisy chain input C4 bump, and two (force- and sense-) on the output C4 as seen in Figure 6.Figure 6: Cantilever probe card – zoomed in.The test condition was “DC” only – i.e., resistance testing. High-frequency performance was done separately using 50-ohm co-planar waveguide test structures on the interposer and performed using a network analyzer. To avoid the additional, reflow step, the balanced contact force (BCF) was tuned to limit the damage on the C4 during probe, see Figure 7.Figure7: Scrub mark overdriven to show force/sense.Using the interposer design information such as the trace width, thickness, and the daisy chain length, resistances for each daisy chain structure were computed, creating the test specification and the pass-fail limits. The test equipment consisted of four relay boards that switched the four-wire lines from the two Keithley 2400’s source-measure units to two probe transition boards that mapped the measurement point to the probe needles as shown in Figure 8.Figure 8: Test setup.Since a semi-automatic prober was used, the interposer wafers that were mounted on carriers were loaded manually on to the PA300 prober. The optical character recognition (OCR) feature was not available on the prober, so all carrier wafer IDs were manually recorded and later mapped to the interposer ID. Figure 9, shows an interposer wafer mounted on a carrier. Figure 9: Interposer wafer on carrier.Test Data Resistance Measurements Interposer Rev# 1In the first revision of 25 interposer wafers, the test data was collected and the measurement showed consistency across all wafers (Figure 10). Since the test structures chosen were symmetrical (Figure 5), it provided a way to compare the test structure results across the four quadrants of each die and with the wafer as a whole. From the histograms generated, the consistency within the datasets proved that both the measurement metrology and TSV manufacturing techniques were stable. Failures were observed at the outside ring of the interposer wafer (Figure 10). Within the die these failures were not limited to a particular area or test structure, but observed randomly distributed across the test structures.Figure 10: Wafer map and measurement histogram.An attempt was made to measure the leakage currents in the order of a few femtoamperes (fA) on some of the test structures, but the 6-foot-long cables that connected the transition board to the probe card (Figure 11) proved to have a higher leakage than the 100 fA target measurements.Figure 11: Open-circuit leakage measurements.This measurement could detect leakages in the order of a few of microamperes, identifying weak shorts. However, since substrates are considered “bad” only when its leakage currents exceeded 100 µA, setting fail criteria for the interposers a couple of orders of magnitudeSMTP Prober for Windows - CNET Download
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実施環境:Linux[testuser@testhost ~]$ uname -aLinux testhost 4.18.0-448.el8.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Jan 18 15:02:46 UTC 2023 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux[testuser@testhost ~]$ cat /etc/redhat-releaseCentOS Stream release 8prometheus:2.46.0.linux-amd64blackbox_exporter:0.24.0.linux-amd64Windows 11 Home 21H20. 概要Prometheus の exporter には、収集したい情報に合わせて様々なものが存在します。そのうちの1つである blackbox_exporter は外形監視、すなわち対象のサーバ外から HTTP や ICMP などで接続して反応を見る形式の監視を行うことができます。今回はこの blackbox_exporter を使って、 ICMP での死活監視を行ってみました。なお、手っ取り早く試すために、監視先にはサーバではなく Windows 端末を使用しています。1. ダウンロードまずは以下のサイトから blackbox_exporter をダウンロードします。バージョンは 0.24.0 です。Download2. 起動次に blackbox_exporter をサーバ上に転送し、解凍します。Linux[testuser@testhost ~]$ pwd/home/testuser[testuser@testhost ~]$ ls -l blackbox_exporter-*.tar.gz-rw-rw-r--. 1 testuser testuser 10956196 12月 18 22:57 blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz[testuser@testhost ~]$ tar xzf blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz[testuser@testhost ~]$ ls -ld blackbox_exporter-*drwxr-xr-x. 2 testuser testuser 80 5月 16 2023 blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64-rw-rw-r--. 1 testuser testuser 10956196 12月 18 22:57 blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz[testuser@testhost ~]$解凍した中身は以下の通りです。Linux[testuser@testhost ~]$ cd blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64/[testuser@testhost blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64]$ pwd/home/testuser/blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64[testuser@testhost blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64]$ ls -l合計 20700-rw-r--r--. 1 testuser testuser 11357 5月 16 2023 LICENSE-rw-r--r--. 1 testuser testuser 94 5月 16 2023 NOTICE-rw-r--r--. 1 testuser testuser 956 5月 16 2023 blackbox.yml-rwxr-xr-x. 1 testuser testuser 21174366 5月 16 2023 blackbox_exporter[testuser@testhost blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64]$以下のようなコマンドを入力することで blackbox_exporter が起動できます。このコマンドは Ctrl + C などでプロセスを KILL するまで実行され続けます。Linux[testuser@testhost blackbox_exporter-0.24.0.linux-amd64]$ ./blackbox_exporter --config.file=./blackbox.ymlts=2023-12-18T14:19:09.927Z caller=main.go:78 level=info msg="Starting blackbox_exporter" version="(version=0.24.0, branch=HEAD, revision=0b0467473916fd9e8526e2635c2a0b1c56011dff)"なお、再起動する Windows 端末から Prometheus のあるサーバをリモートで操作している場合などでは、 $ nohup ./blackbox_exporter --config.file=./blackbox.yml & のように nohup (起動元のセッション終了後もプロセスを動作させ続ける)と & (バックグラウンドでプロセスを実行する)を使用してプロセスを起動すれば、リモート接続が切れてもプロセスを続行できます。3. Prometheus 側の設定編集ここで、 blackbox_exporter の設定ファイル blackbox.yml の中身を見てみましょう。blackbox.ymlmodules: http_2xx: prober: http http: preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4" http_post_2xx: prober: http http: method: POST tcp_connect: prober: tcp pop3s_banner: prober: tcp tcp: query_response: - expect: "^+OK" tls: true tls_config: insecure_skip_verify: false grpc: prober: grpc grpc: tls: true preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4" grpc_plain: prober: grpc grpc: tls: false service: "service1" ssh_banner: prober: tcp tcp: query_response: - expect: "^SSH-2.0-" - send: "SSH-2.0-blackbox-ssh-check" irc_banner: prober: tcp tcp: query_response: - send: "NICK prober" - send: "USER prober prober prober :prober" - expect: "PING :([^ ]+)" send: "PONG ${1}" - expect: "^:[^ ]+ 001" icmp: prober: icmp icmp_ttl5: prober: icmp timeout: 5s icmp: ttl: 5見ての通り、監視のプロトコルやタイムアウトに関する記載ばかりで、監視先を指定する部分が見当たりません。実は blackbox_exporter の場合、どのサーバを監視するのかといった情報は prometheus 本体のファイル prometheus.yml に記載する必要があります。以下は prometheus.yml のサンプルです。監視対象が2つの場合を想定しています。prometheus.yml# my global configglobal: scrape_interval: 15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute. evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute. # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).# Alertmanager configurationalerting: alertmanagers: - static_configs: - targets: # - alertmanager:9093# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.rule_files: # - "first_rules.yml" # - "second_rules.yml"# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:# Here it's Prometheus itself.scrape_configs: # The job name is added as a label `job=` to any timeseries scraped from this config. - job_name: "prometheus" # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics' # scheme defaults to 'http'. static_configs: - targets: ["localhost:9100"] - job_name: "blackbox" metrics_path: /probe params: module: [icmp] static_configs: - targets: - 監視対象 1 の IP アドレス - 監視対象 2 の IP アドレス relabel_configs: - source_labels: [__address__] target_label: __param_target - source_labels: [__param_target] target_label: instance - target_label: __address__ replacement: blackbox_exporter の IP アドレス:9115上記の設定のうち、今回大事な部分を抜粋して説明します。共通的な設定部分については以下の過去記事を参照してください。Linux: システム監視ソフト「Prometheus」を無料インストールしてみたまず、設定は scrape_configs 配下にジョブを単位として記載します。ジョブ名は job_name で指定します。ジョブ名は取得した情報にラベルとして付与され、検索の際に使用できます。今回は blackbox という名前ですが、他の名前にしても問題なく動作します。prometheus.ymlscrape_configs:(省略) - job_name: "blackbox"metrics_path では HTTP のリソースのパスを指定します。URL でいうと の /probe の部分です。ここで指定するべき値は監視する情報によって異なります。デフォルトは /metrics
2025-04-12One of the issues I encountered after dual booting Windows with Linux is the missing Windows entry from the grub menu.Here's the scenario. Windows was present on the computer. I installed CachyOS alongside Windows. I selected to install the Grub bootloader that allows booting into Linux, Windows (and any other OS present on the system) along with the option to access UEFI.Only this time, Grub did not show Windows in the menu 😔Missing Windows from Grub bootloaderThat was disappointing but not surprising because I am aware that this is a feature.Let me show you how you can fix this by enabling os-prober feature in Grub and then updating it.Step 1: Enable os-prober in grubGrub config file is located at /etc/default/grub. If you open it via Nano or some editor, you'll see at the end of this file that os-prober is disabled by default sighting security reasons.If you are familiar with any terminal-based text editor, use it to uncomment the line # GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=false by removing the # at the beginning of the line.However, if you are absolutely new to the command line, you can use this command in the terminal:echo "GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=false" | sudo tee -a /etc/default/grubIt will ask for your password. It should be the same account password you use to log in to the system.🚧When you type the password in Linux terminal, nothing is reflected on the screen. It feels as if your system is hanged, as there is no visible feedback. Don't worry. It's a security feature and most Linux terminals won't even show asterisks (*) as you enter the password. Just type it in and enter.With os-prober enabled, Grub will look for the presence of other operating systems in EFI folder and will add them in the bootloader menu.There is one little problem. The config changes won't take place unless you update grub.Step 2: Update grubOn Ubuntu and some other distributions, there is a dedicated command to update grub:sudo update-grubHowever, on Arch and some other distributions, you'll end up with update-grub command not found error.That's because update-grub is not a standard command. It is just la stub for this command:sudo grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfgRun the above command if your system doesn't have update-grub.It should show an output like this:And as you can see in the above output, grub is probing for other OS and has found Windows boot manager. This is an indication that when you reboot the system, grub should show Windows in the available option.And Windows is back in GrubStill no Windows boot manager?See, this method only works when dual boot succeeded properly and you have all EFI settings located in the same folder under the same ESP partition.If that's not the case, you could try accessing
2025-04-10They will be considered duplicatedReturnsNameTypeDescriptionduplicatedPartsOccurrenceListDuplicated part occurrencesidentifyInstancesIdentify parts with more than one occurrence on the scenescene.identifyInstances(2)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionminOccurrenceCountInt2Min occurrence countmakeInstanceUniqueSingularize all instances on the sub-tree of an occurrencescene.makeInstanceUnique(0)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionoccurrencesOccurrenceList0Root occurrence for the processrakeSet the same parent to all descending parts (all parts will be singularized)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionoccurrenceOccurrence0Root occurrence for the processkeepInstancesBooleanfalseIf false, the part will be singularizedremoveSymmetryMatricesRemove symmetry matrices (apply matrices on geometries on nodes under an occurrence with a symmetry matrixscene.removeSymmetryMatrices(0)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionoccurrenceOccurrence0Root occurrence for the processremoveUselessInstancesRemove instances where they are not needed (prototype referenced once, ...)scene.removeUselessInstances(0)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionoccurrenceOccurrence0Root occurrence for the processresetPartTransformSet all part transformation matrices to identity in a sub-tree, transformation will be applied to the shapesscene.resetPartTransform(0)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionrootOccurrence0Root occurrence for the processresetTransformSet all transformation matrices to identity in a sub-tree.scene.resetTransform(root, True, True, False)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionrootOccurrenceRoot occurrence for the processrecursiveBooleantrueIf False, transformation will be applied only on the root and its componentskeepInstantiationBooleantrueIf False, all occurrences will be singularizedkeepPartTransformBooleanfalseIf False, transformation will be applied to the shapes (BRepShape points or TessellatedShape vertices)selectByMaximumSizeSelect all parts meeting the criteriascene.selectByMaximumSize(roots, 150, -1, False)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionrootsOccurrenceListRoots occurrences for the processmaxDiagLengthDistance150If the diagonal axis of the bounding box is less than maxDiagLength, part will be selected. -1 to ignoremaxSizeDistance-1If the longer axis of the box is less than maxLength, part will be selected. -1 to ignoreselectHiddenBooleanfalseIf true, hidden parts meeting the criteria will be selected as wellselectDuplicatedSelect duplicated partsscene.selectDuplicated(0.01, 0.1, 0.01, 0.1)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionacceptVolumeRatioReal0.01If the ratio of volumes of two part is lower than acceptVolumeRatio, they will be considered duplicatedacceptPolycountRatioReal0.1If the ratio of polygon counts of two part is lower than acceptPolycountRatio, they will be considered duplicatedacceptAABBAxisRatioReal0.01If the ratio of AABB axis of two part is lower than acceptAABBAxisRatio, they will be considered duplicatedacceptAABBCenterDistanceDistance0.1If the ratio of AABB centers of two part is lower than acceptAABBCenterRatio, they will be considered duplicatedselectInstancesSelect occurrences sharing the same prototype as the given onescene.selectInstances(occurrence)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionoccurrenceOccurrenceReference part occurrenceselectPartsFromNoShowSelect hidden partsscene.selectPartsFromNoShow()selectVisiblePartsSelect visible partsscene.selectVisibleParts()createRayProberCreates a ray proberReturnsNameTypeDescriptionidIdentcreateSphereProberCreates a sphere proberscene.createSphereProber()ReturnsNameTypeDescriptionidIdentrayCastParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionrayRayThe ray to castrootOccurrenceThe root occurrence to cast fromReturnsNameTypeDescriptionhitRayHitInformation of the first ray hitrayCastAllscene.rayCastAll(ray, root)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionrayRayThe ray to castrootOccurrenceThe root occurrence to cast fromReturnsNameTypeDescriptionhitsRayHitListInformation of the first ray hitupdateRayProberUpdates the designed ray proberscene.updateRayProber(proberID, ray)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionproberIDIdentThe ray prober IdrayRayUpdate the prober's ray valuesupdateSphereProberUpdates the designed sphere proberscene.updateSphereProber(proberID, sphereCenter, sphereRadius)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionproberIDIdentThe sphere prober IdsphereCenterVector3The new prober centersphereRadiusDoubleThe new prober radiusonRayProbeParametersNameTypeDescriptionproberIDIdentThe ray propber IDproberInfoProberInfoThe prober's infoonSphereProbeParametersNameTypeDescriptionproberIDIdentThe sphere propber IDproberInfoProberInfoThe prober's infogetMultipleOccurrenceUserDataBatch version of getOccurrenceUserDatascene.getMultipleOccurrenceUserData(userDataId, occurrences)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionuserDataIdOccurrenceUserDataUserData identifier provided by subscribeToOccurrenceUserDataoccurrencesOccurrenceListOccurrences that store the user dataReturnsNameTypeDescriptionuserDataListPtrListUser data stored for each given occurrencegetOccurrenceUserDataSet or replace a userdata stored on an occurrencescene.getOccurrenceUserData(userDataId, occurrence)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionuserDataIdOccurrenceUserDataUserData identifier provided by subscribeToOccurrenceUserDataoccurrenceOccurrenceOccurrence that store the user dataReturnsNameTypeDescriptionuserDataPtrUser data stored in the given occurrencehasMultipleOccurrenceUserDataBatch version of hasOccurrenceUserDatascene.hasMultipleOccurrenceUserData(userDataId, occurrences)ParametersNameTypeDefaultDescriptionuserDataIdOccurrenceUserDataUserData identifier provided by subscribeToOccurrenceUserDataoccurrencesOccurrenceListOccurrences that potentially store the user dataReturnsNameTypeDescriptionresultsBoolListReturns an array of bool that are true if a userdata is stored on the occurrence at the same index for the given userDataIdhasOccurrenceUserDataSet or replace a userdata
2025-04-11Capability, with two probes (force+ and sense+) landing on daisy chain input C4 bump, and two (force- and sense-) on the output C4 as seen in Figure 6.Figure 6: Cantilever probe card – zoomed in.The test condition was “DC” only – i.e., resistance testing. High-frequency performance was done separately using 50-ohm co-planar waveguide test structures on the interposer and performed using a network analyzer. To avoid the additional, reflow step, the balanced contact force (BCF) was tuned to limit the damage on the C4 during probe, see Figure 7.Figure7: Scrub mark overdriven to show force/sense.Using the interposer design information such as the trace width, thickness, and the daisy chain length, resistances for each daisy chain structure were computed, creating the test specification and the pass-fail limits. The test equipment consisted of four relay boards that switched the four-wire lines from the two Keithley 2400’s source-measure units to two probe transition boards that mapped the measurement point to the probe needles as shown in Figure 8.Figure 8: Test setup.Since a semi-automatic prober was used, the interposer wafers that were mounted on carriers were loaded manually on to the PA300 prober. The optical character recognition (OCR) feature was not available on the prober, so all carrier wafer IDs were manually recorded and later mapped to the interposer ID. Figure 9, shows an interposer wafer mounted on a carrier. Figure 9: Interposer wafer on carrier.Test Data Resistance Measurements Interposer Rev# 1In the first revision of 25 interposer wafers, the test data was collected and the measurement showed consistency across all wafers (Figure 10). Since the test structures chosen were symmetrical (Figure 5), it provided a way to compare the test structure results across the four quadrants of each die and with the wafer as a whole. From the histograms generated, the consistency within the datasets proved that both the measurement metrology and TSV manufacturing techniques were stable. Failures were observed at the outside ring of the interposer wafer (Figure 10). Within the die these failures were not limited to a particular area or test structure, but observed randomly distributed across the test structures.Figure 10: Wafer map and measurement histogram.An attempt was made to measure the leakage currents in the order of a few femtoamperes (fA) on some of the test structures, but the 6-foot-long cables that connected the transition board to the probe card (Figure 11) proved to have a higher leakage than the 100 fA target measurements.Figure 11: Open-circuit leakage measurements.This measurement could detect leakages in the order of a few of microamperes, identifying weak shorts. However, since substrates are considered “bad” only when its leakage currents exceeded 100 µA, setting fail criteria for the interposers a couple of orders of magnitude
2025-04-23